PEM is typically categorized into two severe clinical forms, though many patients present with overlapping symptoms: Marasmus (Energy Deficiency) Appearance
┌───────────────────────┐ │ Etiology of PEM │ └───────────┬───────────┘ │ ┌────────────────────────┴────────────────────────┐ ▼ ▼ ┌─────────────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────┐ │ Socioeconomic │ │ Clinical/Secondary │ │ (Primary Causes) │ │ (Secondary Causes) │ └────────────┬────────────┘ └────────────┬────────────┘ ├─ Poverty & Food Insecurity ├─ Malabsorption (e.g., IBD) ├─ Over-Diluted Infant Formula ├─ Hypermetabolism (e.g., Cancer) └─ Famine & Political Instability └─ Recurrent Pediatric Infections Socioeconomic and Environmental Drivers Protein Energy Malnutrition Ppt
: Dry, wrinkled skin, "monkey-like" facial features due to loss of cheek fat pads, and extreme irritability. Pathophysiology PEM is typically categorized into two severe clinical
For clinical assessment and PPT documentation, PEM is classified using several standard frameworks based on anthropometric measurements (weight-for-age, height-for-age, and weight-for-height). Wellcome Working Party Classification If you are putting this into a ,
The body undergoes distinct physiological changes depending on the nature of the nutrient deficit.
If you are putting this into a , ensure you include: Clear definitions of Marasmus vs. Kwashiorkor. Visual aids (images of edema, muscle wasting).